Aluminum alloy sheet profiles for the magnetic levitation railway

Magnetic levitation railway or train uses magnetic force to make the vehicle move forward 8 mm ~ 10 mm away from the track. The wheel does not contact the track when moving forward, and the wheel contacts the track only when parking. Because the vehicle is suspended on the track, it is called magnetic levitation train, which can also be referred to as magnetic levitation train for short. The magnetic force that generates suspension can come from permanent magnets or electricity. According to the speed, the suspended train can be divided into medium and low speed ones, with the speed of 30 km /h ~ 200 km /h; High speed, its running speed is 200 km /h ~ 400 km /h; For ultra-high speed, its running speed is greater than 400 km /h. Magnetic levitation vehicle is made of all aluminum alloy. The so-called all aluminum vehicle refers to that under the current technical conditions, all aluminum materials that can be made of aluminum are aluminum. At present, aluminum materials are lightweight materials with the best cost performance. In order to reduce the mass of the vehicle, the maglev vehicle is made of aluminum alloy. Like the high-speed railway carriage, the consumption of aluminum can be estimated at 10 t / carriage.

The high-speed railway vehicle is made of aluminum alloy sheet profiles, and the maglev train carriage should be made of aluminum alloy sheet profiles, because the lighter the carriage is, the better. The lighter the gravity that needs to be overcome, the smaller the repulsion force it floats and the power it flies. Aluminum is the material with the best cost performance for manufacturing the carriage structure. In addition to the carriage aluminum, the construction of railway facilities also requires a considerable amount of building aluminum, interior decoration Air conditioning and ventilation systems are also mainly made of aluminum. Some vehicles are floated by permanent magnet. If they are floated by superconducting magnetic field, high-purity aluminum wire system is required to transmit current. Each carriage needs to purchase 11.5 t aluminum, and the aluminum for railway facilities construction can be estimated at 45 t /km. The superconducting temperature of 4n6 high purity aluminum is 4.2 × 10-3 K, 4.0 for 99.5% industrial pure aluminum × 10 － 3 K。

Commonly used aluminum alloy sheet profiles for the magnetic victory railway include: 5005-o plate, 5005-h14 plate, 5005-h18 plate, 5052-o plate, 5083-O plate, 5083-h1 12 section, 6061 -t6 section, 6n01 -t5 section, 6063-T5 section, 7N01 -t4 section, 7N01 -t5 section, 7003-t5 section. 6n01 and 7N01 are Japanese aluminum alloy grades, and N is the abbreviation of Nippon (Japan).

Based on the introduction of technology, through digestion and absorption, Chinese vehicle manufacturers have made many innovations in vehicle design and manufacturing, forming aluminum alloy manufacturing technology with Chinese characteristics. However, material manufacturing enterprises, colleges and universities, and scientific research institutes have not developed new vehicle aluminum alloys with better performance than 6n01 and 7N01 aluminum alloys, which is a challenge to China's material industry and metallurgical workers. New aluminum alloys must be developed to meet the needs of faster, safer, more comfortable, and more environmentally friendly vehicle manufacturing, improve the competitiveness of maglev railway in the international market, and speed up the construction of the "the Belt and Road".

China leads the development of maglev railway construction and technology in the world, and Japan is a strong competitor in this field, which cannot be underestimated. At present, it is in the early stage of the high-speed development of maglev railway, and the period of large demand for aluminum has not yet arrived, but the aluminum used is high-grade. The demand in 2018 is about 28 KT (including that required for the construction of line facilities), and the compound growth rate is expected to reach 15% - 20% in the next 10 years.